Horizontal root fractures are cracks in teeth that are perpendicular to their long axis, splitting the root into two segments, which can occur at various levels, including:
- Apical third: Near the tip of the root.
- Middle third: Midway along the root.
- Cervical third: Close to the gum line.
Depending on the location of the fracture, treatment may be more or less challenging.
What causes horizontal root fractures in teeth?
Horizontal root fractures are uncommon, accounting for only about .5% to 7% of all dental injuries. They often result from traumatic impacts to the face or mouth, such as are more commonly experienced in sports injuries or accidents.
How are they diagnosed?
They are diagnosed with a combination of evaluations and assessments, including:
- Mobility Assessment
- Percussion Test
- Pulp Vitality Testing
- Periapical Radiographs
- Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
What are treatment options?
Common procedures include:
- Repositioning and Splinting: This involves repositioning the coronal segment to its original position and stabilizing the tooth with a flexible splint for a period of time while healing.
- Root Canal Treatment: If the coronal fragment becomes necrotic, a root canal is recommended.
- Surgical Intervention: Extraction would be an option for fractures near the cervical third or when conservative treatments fail.
Can a tooth with a horizontal root fracture heal on its own?
Yes, some fractures may heal on their own, depending on where it is located, the degree of displacement, and the tooth’s vitality. Healing is more likely when the fracture is located in the apical (root tip) or middle third of the root and when the coronal (upper) segment remains properly aligned and stable.
How long does it take for it to heal?
The healing duration depends on location, tooth stability, and your personal rate of healing.
What are the symptoms of a horizontal root fracture?
The most common symptoms include:
- Sharp pain when biting or chewing
- Loose tooth
- Swelling or irritated gums
- Sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures
- Abscess formation on the gums
Is root canal treatment necessary for treatment?
If you’re experiencing symptoms such as pain, mobility, or signs of infection, a root canal may be recommended for treatment.
Can a horizontal root fracture lead to tooth loss?
Yes, in some cases, a fracture can lead to tooth loss, especially if it’s near the gum or complications such as infection become too severe.
Horizontal Root Fracture Treatment at AZ Family Dental
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